My first story since the passing of my father brought me back to one of my favorite local spots. The Millwald Theatre was offering a free screening of a new Blue Ridge PBS documentary, Resolved to Live and Die: The Revolutionary Roots of Southwest Virginia, an hour-long film committed to exploring the revolutionary roots of Southwest Virginia. Delivered with the full Ken Burns treatment, it is the first documentary of its kind to finally showcase our region’s major role in the beginnings of the Revolutionary War.
Beautifully photographed and filmed on location here in Wytheville at the Willowbrook Jackson/Umberger Homestead Museum, the documentary features Michael Gillman, manager of historic sites and homestead museum operations with the Town of Wytheville Department of Museums. No one knows more about Wythe County history than Michael Gillman—a longtime friend and lifelong Wytheville native. He appears both as a reenactor in authentic Revolutionary War clothing and as one of the film’s primary speakers.
“I learned from the best,” Michael told me after the fact. “Jim Spraker, Davy Davis, and the late John Johnson were among some of my greatest mentors.”
Of course, the section that mattered most to me was the portion about the Fincastle Resolutions, which included footage of the plaque in modern-day Austinville, Virginia. I have always believed that the Austinville area—home to my mother’s side of the family for centuries—is the most historically significant part of our region, though too often overlooked.
“Some of the first [immigrants] to arrive were Welsh miners, drawn by the newly discovered lead deposits near present-day Austinville in Wythe County,” the documentary states. “Founded in 1756 by Colonel John Chiswell, the mines faced early financial struggles, but eventually became vital to the Patriot cause.”
“Chiswell goes to England and brings William Herbert and his family over here in 1761,” Michael explains in the documentary. “The first letter written out of modern-day Wythe County was from Captain William Herbert, who basically states that the enslaved arrived safe and well, and that they would get moving to get the lead, which they started mining leads successfully.”
The Fincastle Resolutions, long said to be a precursor to the Declaration of Independence, were signed in Austinville. At least, that is what I always thought. However, Michael proposes in the documentary that it is more likely the document was signed at the McGavock home eight miles away in Fort Chiswell. Neither location can be proven definitively, but his reasoning is compelling.
As Michael explains, James McGavock—one of the signers of the Fincastle Resolutions—likely played a central role in where the men gathered.
“We know they met at his tavern,” he says in the film. “And since all of these men traveled the Great Wagon Road, they would have passed McGavock’s establishment on their way to Austinville. Given that, why would they travel eight miles farther just to sign the resolutions in Austinville?”
It is a question that invites debate, curiosity, and the kind of historical dialogue this documentary so skillfully inspires. The first rough cut of the documentary ran over two hours, and the project took more than two years to complete. Inevitably, much Wythe County history ended up on the cutting-room floor. Still, the 56 minutes that did make it to air—premiering on PBS Appalachia and Blue Ridge PBS on Sunday, November 16th, ahead of the new six-part Ken Burns series on the American Revolution—offer a beautifully crafted piece of cinematography accompanied by a narrative rich in historical context.
One key takeaway is how unsettlingly familiar the political forces that sparked and escalated the Revolutionary War feel when compared to today. While many skirmishes centered on land disputes, allegiance often fell along much more personal lines. A man might become a Patriot simply because a Loyalist had insulted his brother—cementing him on the opposing side of whatever his rival supported. Though our history books often portray the conflict as Americans versus the British, the documentary reveals that it was very much a global conflict that affected all nationalities, including pitting Americans against Americans.
One particularly relevant story that did not make the final cut was that of Reverend George Flohr, a German-born minister who fled to Southwest Virginia to escape the brutal fighting of the Revolutionary War in his homeland. He founded the St. John’s churches in both Rural Retreat and Wytheville, and is buried in the St. John’s Lutheran Church Cemetery in Wytheville.
For me, however, the heart of the film lies in its attention to Wythe County—my lifelong homeland. That is what draws me most deeply into this one-of-a-kind documentary. Blue Ridge PBS Director of Content Carol Jennings wrote the bulk of the script for this compelling documentary. During the question-and-answer panel at the end of the screening, she shared that she will be posting bonus video segments—scenes that did not make it into the final cut—on the Blue Ridge PBS website over the next couple of months. The story of Reverend Flohr will be among those added features.
At any rate, I extend my deepest appreciation to everyone involved in creating this documentary, which finally shines a long-overdue spotlight on our hometowns and their pivotal role in the birth of this nation. To have our story told at this level is a rare and special honor, one of which we should all be proud.
